Vehicle Dynamics Simulation

Vehicle Dynamics Simulation is one of our core area of expertise in CFD simulation at our Singapore offices at BroadTech Engineering.

Featured Vehicle Dynamics Simulation Case Studies

Vehicle Dynamics Simulation

External Aerodynamics studies for ISUZU Trucks

Objective: To find the effect of front edge rounding, trailer, rotating tires and integrated cab roof fairing on aerodynamic drag at different velocities.
Methodology: A control volume of 15x X 8x X 5x were generated using visual mesh tool (where x is the length of the truck). CAD model of truck imported into the visual mesh. The upstream length from the center of the truck has been kept as 5x and downstream is 10x. While the side distance has been kept symmetric. 2D mesh has been generated.
Based on Y+ calculation (first cell height), 15 boundary layers of 1:1.5 growth ratio were generated with 3D unstructured mesh.  Boundary condition has been assigned to Inlet as velocity inlet (for given value), outlet as pressure outlet(atmospheric), bottom as a wall, upstream 2x has been defined as symmetry for uniform velocity and side as symmetry.  Pro-Cast (Aero) solver has been used for simulation using k-epsilon turbulent model.
Outcome: The result has been analyzed in Visual Viewer and corresponding drag has been calculated for given case.

3. Numerical Simulation of the High-Speed Vehicles for Safety & Stability While Cornering

Objective: While taking a turn on the unbanked road, the normal force on outer tires are more than inner tires; when the force on inner tires becomes zero the vehicle becomes unstable.
Methodology: Since spoiler provides downward force only on the downstream of the car, some arrangement is required which can provide downward fore at the center of gravity of the vehicle. An air-duct has been introduced on the side panels of the car. The moment at the center of gravity has been calculated; additional force will come due to side duct.
Outcome: Since the pressure on the air duct will have tangential as well as a normal effect (assuming). A downward force will be generated, which will make car stable while cornering at high speed.

2. Reducing Slip-Stream of Leading Car to Reduce Advantage for Trailing Car in Stock Car Racing by taking a simplified car

Objective: To reduce the draft zone leading to design modification after “B” pillar.
Methodology :
a) First two simplified car models (dimensions reference to a stock car) has been generated in Solidworks one behind other. Using Gambit 3D mesh has been generated for 10x X 8x X 5x control volume. The appropriate boundary condition has been assigned to respective surfaces and simulation has been performed using k-epsilon turbulent model. Pressure has been checked for trailing car and turbulent intensity has been checked for leading car.
Based on above analysis, variation modification has been checked with simulation. The model with lowest turbulent intensity and highest pressure on trailing car has been chosen.
The same exercise has been done again to perform the simulation.
Outcome: The pressure on the trailing car has been increased and the turbulent intensity has been reduced for the leading car. 

CFD Simulations and Analysis of the Flow Over the Car Profile

Defining first the domain of the flow by means of enclosure and giving named selections inlet, outlet, walls in ICEM CFD then part mesh set up, compute mesh, compute prams, creating layers. In CFX pre-processor applying boundary conditions (Mass, Momentum conversation+turbulence, Energy conservation + turbulence term, Law of the wall,)with Turbulence K-e model (and dissipation), RANS, RSM, LES model with inlet velocity and other related parameters. In post processor selecting the required boundary condition to analyze flow over the car.
Turbulence is visible over the structure and looked not very much appealing as rounded swirls. If we could understand this phenomenon many of the commotions would have needed much less explanation. The reason could be the limitation in iterations and the nature of the problem requires the more conceptual approach based on the concrete research.

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